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Democracy in Pakistan
Democracy (; pronounced ''jamhooriat'') is one of the ideologies and systems upon which Pakistan was sought to be established in 1947 as a nation-state, as envisaged by the leader and founding father of the nation, Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Pakistan constitutionally is a democratic parliamentary republic with its political system based on an elected form of governance. However, in past history there have been deviations from democracy in the form of military coups and political uncertainty.〔Pakistan, ruled by the military for half of its 66-year life, has taken steps toward democracy, but the process is far from complete.http://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/23/opinion/international/an-incomplete-democracy.html?_r=0〕 As of current status, Pakistan is also the largest non-liberal democracy in the world.
==History ==
The concept of democracy in the South Asia region has historical roots. Indus Valley Civilisation, which thrived in modern-day Pakistan and India, was one of the earliest and largest ancient human civilisations alongside Mesopotamia, the Nile Valley, Anatolia and ancient China, known for its highly developed, sophisticated and urbanised culture. Historians and social scientists studying the civilisation's social structure observe that the Indus Valley had an organised planning system, including standard architecture, civic controls, consistent grid layouts and uniformed sanitary facilities. This well-disciplined lifestyle and a common rule of law extending throughout a large area leads a few historians to believe and suggest the Indus Valley of Pakistan as possibly the earliest cradle and model of democracy; one which was based on a "rule by the people" and one that could even predate Greece.〔(The Indus Valley civilization – cradle of democracy? )〕〔(Did Democracy Begin in the Indus Valley? )〕
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